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What did Immanuel Kant believe the essence of morality to consist in?
1) The pleasurableness of the action
2) The consequences of the action
3) The legality of the action
4) The motive from which the action is done
What did the utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham consider happiness to be?
1) Pleasure
2) Eudaimonia
3) Virtue
4) Doing God’s will
For utilitarianism, what is it about an action that determines its rightness or wrongness?
1) The motive from which an action is done
2) The religious value of an action
3) The legality of an action
4) The consequences of action
Which of the following is NOT one of Kant’s formulations of his categorical imperative?
1) So act as to treat humanity , whether in your own person or in that of any other, in every case as an end, never as a means only.
2) Act only on that maxim [rule] which you can the same time will that it should become a universal law
3) An action is right in so far as it tends to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
If a threatening-looking man with an axe comes to your door asking where your friend is, what does Kant advise you to do?
1) Lie, in order to save your friend from the risk of attack
2)Tell the truth, no matter what you think the consequences might be
3) Say nothing, but try to get the axe away from the man if you feel you can safely do so
4)Push a large man in front of the door to block the axeman’s way
What is the Utilitarians’ name for the principle that states an action is right insofar as it tends to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number?
1) The principle of morality
2) The principle of utility
3) The categorical imperative
4) Hedonism
Suppose a person repays his debts just because he fears the legal consequences of not doing so. What sort of motive would Immanual Kant call this?
1) A prudential motive
2) A moral motive
3) A hedonistic motive
4) A religious motive
