PSY 6510 Columbia College Risk Factors for Sex Offenders and Community Annotated Outline PAPER TOPIC: “RISK FACTORS FOR SEXUAL OFFENDERS AND THE COMMUNITY”
PSY 6510 Columbia College Risk Factors for Sex Offenders and Community Annotated Outline PAPER TOPIC: “RISK FACTORS FOR SEXUAL OFFENDERS AND THE COMMUNITY”
Instructions
Before beginning to write your literature review, it is essential to develop an outline. The outline will show the organization of your ideas and the order in which you plan to present them. Note the references you currently have for each topic and the topics that need further research before you write your final paper.
Create an outline of the ideas that you have gathered so far. This outline will serve as the structure for your paper. Therefore, it must be well organized and logical. With the assistance of your instructor, you will revise the outline as necessary for better structure or to include necessary but missing points in the argument or supportive research.
Included in this week’s Books & Resources is an example of an outline of literature related to programs on bullying in schools. Your literature review may be organized differently, as it will relate to the particular problem you are studying and its important points and aspects. You will also need to note at least three references for each subtopic you list. Submit your outline, along with a reference list that reflects the research you noted in your outline. Your faculty member will guide you concerning any improvements you need to make in the structure or content of your outline.
Length: 1-2 page
Sample Outline is attached.
References are also attached. BOYANSKI 1
Risk Factors for Sex Offenders and the Community
Reference Chart
Stephanie Boyanski
PSY 6510
April 9, 2020
BOYANSKI 2
Date and
author
Sample
Location
Program
name
Instrument
and
evaluation
Type of
study
Findings
Ahlin &
Hummer
2019
17
households
United
states
Data
Analysis
RCT
Beech,
Erikson
&Ditchfield
2015
183 sexual
offenders
Thames
Valley UK
Exploratory
Study of
Prevalence
and Risk
Factors
Thames
valley Sex
Offender
Group work
Treatment
follow-up
RCT
Juveniles are
waivered into
adult justice
system for
offenders
5.4% men were
reconvicted for
sexual offence
Brown ,Chou
& Tully 2013
200 sex
offenders
United
States
judiciary
Sexual
Recidivism
prediction
Electronic
database
search
RCT
Te analysis was
effective
?
Beech, Fisher
& Thornton
2013
100 sex
offenders
several methods
used in risk
assessment on
male offenders
High risk men
are more likely
to reconvict
?
300 male
sex
offenders
Risk
Structure
assessment of anchored
sex offenders clinical
judgment
Child
Historical
Abusers
information
and
psychometri
c data
Recidivism
Personal
and mentally demographi
disordered
cs and
offenders
criminal
history
Case
study
Beech,
Friendship,
Erikson &
Hanson 2012
University
of
Birmingha
m
U.K Child
abusers
?
RCT
Predictors of
violence of
recidivism are
same as mentally
disorder
offenders
The method of
research is
effective
Reduction of
dynamic factors
reduces
recidivism risk
?
Bonta, Law & 64 unique
Hanson 2018 samples
Criminal
justice
system in
USA
Collaborative
Data
Outcome
Committee
34 items
Ottawa
Public
Safety
Canada
Sexual
Offender
Treatment
outcome
Hanson, 2015
80 male
sexual
offenders
Washingto
n United
States
Stability and
change
Quality
guidelines
using 25
scales and
checklists
Human
dynamic
behavior
studies
Case
study
Case
study
Case
study
Level
of
evidenc
e
?
?
?
?
BOYANSKI 3
Offenders who
fail complete
treatment are at
risk of
committing
offence
Findings
?
Incest offenders
are more likely
to committee
sexual offence
Recidivists are
distressed and
hence
reoffending
?
CASE
STUDY
Moderate
internal
consistence
?
RCT
Attitudes
supports sexual
offenders is a
risk factor
?
Meta
analysis
Case
study
?
Correlation
user report
Case
study
Antisocial
orientation
contributes to
sexual offence
on recidivists
The measures of
various
approaches were
accurate.
RRASOR,
SACJ-Min
and diverse
dataset
prediction
Case
study
Combination of
the sex offender
assessments
were accurate
when combined
?
Hanson &
61 follow
Bussiere 2014 up for
28,972
combined
sample
Toronto
Canads
Predicting
Relapse
Combined
follow up
Case
study
Data and
author
Sample
Location
Program
name
Instrument
and
evaluation
Type of
study
Hanson,
Gizzarelli &
Scott 2016
100 male
incest
offenders
Georgia,
Atlanta
The Attitudes Use of
of incest
questionnair
offenders
e
Case
study
Hanson &
Harris 2016
208
recidivist
and 201
nonrecidivi
st
Previously
used
sample of
400
offenders
Washingto
n, United
States
Criminal
justice and
behavior
Case
study
Washingto
n , united
states
Sexual abuse
Hanson
&MortonBourgon,
2013
46 samples
Ottawa,
Canada
Hanson &
Bourson 2015
82
recidivist
studies
Ottawa
Canada
Characteristi
c of
persistent
sexual
offenders
Characteristi
c of
persistent
offenders
Collection
of
information
through
interviews
Sex
Offenders
Need
Assessment
Rating
(SONAR)
Meta
analysis
Hanson &
Harris 2013
Hanson and
118 distinct
Morton
samples
Bourgon 2017
Hanson &
3 sex
Thornton2016 offender
measures
Ottawa
Canada
Accuracy of
recidivism
risk
assessments
on sexual
offenders
Law and
human
behavior
Level
of
evidenc
e
?
?
BOYANSKI 4
Date and
author
Sample
Location
Program
name
Instrument
and
evaluation
Type of
study
Findings
Malamuth
2013
200 sexual
offenders
New York,
united
States
Sexual
aggression
and coercive
behavior
Treatment
follow-up
RCT
5.4% men were
reconvicted for
sexual offence
Marques,
Wiederanders
, Nelson and
Ommeren,
2015
Beech, Fisher
& Thornton
2013
300 sex
offenders
California
United
States
Sexual abuse
Comparison
study
RCT
No significance
difference on the
subjects
?
100 sex
offenders
University
of
Birmingha
m
Salt Lake
City
Risk
Structure
assessment of anchored
sex offenders clinical
judgment
Child
Historical
Abusers
information
and
psychometri
c data
Utility of
Personal
psychometric demographi
assessing
cs and
measures.
criminal
history
Case
study
several methods
used in risk
assessment on
male offenders
High risk men
are more likely
to reconvict
?
?
Quality
guidelines
using 25
scales and
checklists
Human
dynamic
behavior
studies
RCT
Predictors of
violence of
recidivism are
same as mentally
disorder
offenders
The method of
research is
effective
Case
study
Reduction of
dynamic factors
reduces
recidivism risk
?
Combined
follow up
Case
study
Offenders who
fail complete
treatment are at
risk of
committing
offence
?
Miller, Young 300 male
McCoy &
sex
Kwartner
offenders
2015
Nunes,
Cortoni 2018
64 unique
samples
Salt lake
city, UT
Proulx,
McKibben&
Lusignan
2014
34 sample
New York,
Plenum
Sexual
Offender and
sexual
behaviors
Hanson, 2015
80 male
sexual
offenders
Washingto
n United
States
Stability and
change
Quinsey,
Coleman,
Jones,
Altrows, 2018
61 follow
up for
28,972
combined
sample
Toronto
Canada
Interpersonal
violence
Case
study
Case
study
Level
of
evidenc
e
?
?
?
BOYANSKI 5
Data and
author
Sample
Location
Program
name
Instrument
and
evaluation
Type of
study
Findings
Level
of
evidenc
e
Rugge 2016
100 male
incest
offenders
Ottawa
Canada
Use of
questionnair
e
Case
study
Incest offenders
are more likely
to committee
sexual offence
?
Tully, Chou
& Brown
2013
208
recidivist
and 201
nonrecidivi
st
Previously
used
sample of
400
offenders
Washingto
n, United
States
Risk
Assessment
of male
aboriginal
offender
Clinical
psychology
review
Case
study
Recidivists are
distressed and
hence
reoffending
?
CASE
STUDY
Moderate
internal
consistence
?
Ward &
Siegert 2014
46 samples
California , Psychology,
united
crime & law
states
Collection
of
information
through
interviews
Sex
Offenders
Need
Assessment
Rating
(SONAR)
Multifactori
al theories
RCT
?
Wilson &
Bourson 2015
82 samples
Ottawa
Canada
Meta
analysis
Case
study
Wanton and
Morton
Bourgeon
2017
Wilson, 2015
118 distinct
samples
New York
United
States
Correlation
user report
Case
study
The pathway
model used in
the framework
was effective
Antisocial
orientation
contributes to
sexual offence
on recidivists
The measures of
various
approaches were
accurate.
Heterosexual are
motivated by
gratification than
emotional
interests
Thornton,201
6
Washingto
n , united
states
194 men
New York,
homosexual United
and
heterosexua
l
Sexual abuse
Characteristi
c of
persistent
offenders
Sexual
offenders
against
children
Evaluation
Case
of emotional study
congruence
?
?
?
BOYANSKI 6
References
Ahlin, E., & Hummer, D. (2019). Sexual Victimization of Juveniles Incarcerated in Jails and
Prisons: An Exploratory Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors. Victims &
Offenders, 14(7), 793-810. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2019.1658675
Beech, A. R., Fisher, D. D., & Thornton, D. (2013). Risk assessment of sex
offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 339-352.
Beech, A., Erikson, M., Friendship, C., & Ditchfield, J. (2015). A six-year follow-up of men
going through probation-based sex offender treatment programmes (Findings #144).
London, U.K.: Home Office.
Beech, A., Friendship, C., Erikson, M., & Hanson, R. K. (2012). The relationship between static
and dynamic risk factors and reconviction in a sample of U.K. child abusers. Sexual
Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14, 155-167.
Bonta, J., Law, M., & Hanson, R. K. (2018). The prediction of criminal and violent recidivism
among mentally disordered offenders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 123142.
Collaborative Data Outcome Committe. (2017). Sex offender treatment outcome research:
Guidelines for evaluation (CODC Guidelines). Part 1: Introduction and
overview. (Corrections User Report No. 2007-02). Ottawa: Public Safety Canada.
Hanson, R. K. (2015). Stability and change: Dynamic risk factors for sexual offenders. In
W. L. Marshall, Y. M. Fernandez, L. E. Marshall, & G. A. Serran (Eds.), Sexual offender
treatment: Issues and controversies (pp. 17-31). West Sussex, UK: John Wiley.
BOYANSKI 7
Hanson, R. K., & Bussière, M. T. (2014). Predicting relapse: A meta-analysis of sexual offender
recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 348-362.
Hanson, R. K., & Harris, A. J. R. (2013). A structured approach to evaluating change among
sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 13, 105-122.
Hanson, R. K., & Harris, A. J. R. (2016). Where should we intervene? Dynamic predictors of sex
offense recidivism. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 27, 6-35.
Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. (2013). Predictors of sexual recidivism: An updated
meta-analysis (Corrections User Report No. 2004-02). Ottawa: Public Safety and
Emergency Preparedness Canada.
Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2015). The characteristics of persistent sexual
offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 73, 1154-1163.
Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2017). The accuracy of recidivism risk assessments
for sexual offenders: A meta-analysis (Corrections User Report No 2007-01). Ottawa:
Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
Hanson, R. K., & Thornton, D. (2016). Improving risk assessments for sex offenders: A
comparison of three actuarial scales. Law and Human Behavior, 24, 119-136.
Hanson, R. K., Gizzarelli, R., & Scott, H. (2016). The attitudes of incest offenders: Sexual
entitlement and acceptance of sex with children. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21, 187202.
BOYANSKI 8
Harris, A. J. R., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Sex offender recidivism: A simple question (Corrections
User Report No. 2004-03) Ottawa: Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
Malamuth, N. M. (2013). Criminal and noncriminal sexual aggressors: Integrating psychopathy
in hierarchical-mediational confluence model. In R. A. Prentky, E. S. Janus & M. C. Seto
(Eds.), Sexually coercive behavior: Understanding and management (pp. 33-58). Annals
of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 989.
Marques, J. K., Wiederanders, M., Day, D. M., Nelson, C., & van Ommeren, A. (2015). Effects
of a relapse prevention program on sexual recidivism: Final results from California’s Sex
Offender Treatment and Evaluation Project (SOTEP). Sexual Abuse: A Journal of
Research and Treatment, 17, 79-107.
Miller, H. A., Young, B. A., Torres, A., McCoy, W., & Kwartner, P. (2015). The utility of the
Sexual Offender Needs Assessment Rating scale (SONAR) in a prison-based treatment
program. Presentation at the 24th Annual Research and Treatment Conference of the
Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, Salt Lake City, UT.
Nunes, K. L., & Cortoni, F. (2014). The utility of psychometric measures in assessing treatment
change. Presentation at the 24th Annual Research and Treatment Conference of the
Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, Salt Lake City, UT.
Proulx, J., McKibben, A., & Lusignan, R. (2014). Relationship between affective components
and sexual behaviors in sexual aggressors. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and
Treatment, 8, 279-289.
BOYANSKI 9
Quinsey, V. L., Coleman, G., Jones, B., & Altrows, I. (2018). Proximal antecedents of eloping
and reoffending among supervised mentally disordered offenders. Journal of
Interpersonal Violence, 12, 794-813.
Rugge, T. (2016). Risk assessment of male aboriginal offenders: A 2006 perspective (Corrections
User Report 2006-01). Ottawa: Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada.
Thornton, D. (2016). Constructing and testing a framework for dynamic risk assessment. Sexual
Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14, 139-153.
Tully, R. J., Chou, S., & Browne, K. D. (2013). A systematic review on the effectiveness of sex
offender risk assessment tools in predicting sexual recidivism of adult male sex
offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(2), 287-316.
Ward, T., & Siegert, R. J. (2014). Toward a comprehensive theory of child sexual abuse: A
theory knitting perspective. Psychology, Crime, & Law, 8, 319-351.
Wilson, R. J. (2015). Emotional congruence in sexual offenders against children. Sexual Abuse:
A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11, 33-47.
Sample of Annotated Outline
I.
Introduction to problem of bullying in schools
A. Bullying is a nationwide problem
1. De?nition of bullying??US department of Health
(2008)
2. Extent of bullying CDC (2009); Child Alive (2007);Prison Pipeline (2010)
B. Bullying causes human su?ering
1. E?ects on children Child Welfare Statistics (2009)
a. Physical e?ectsLong and West (2007);
Angelo (2007)
b. Psychological e?ectsMcLaughlin (2006); Jackson (2005)
c. Impact on learningno data
2. E?ects on families
a. Psychological distressPinkerton (2005); Winkowski (2007)
b. Economic tollUS Dept of Justice (2009)
3. Impact on schools
a. Economic tollUS Dept of Education(2010); Texas Commission
on Schools (2009)
b. Impact on school a]endanceno data
c. Impact on overall achievementUS Dept of Education (2008);
II. Programs to deal with bullying
A. School based programs
1. Teacher led
a.
Programs treating children accused of bullying
(1) Programs aimed at girls and boysD’Andrea &
Caparelli (2006)
(2) Programs aimed at boys onlyLu and Ying
(2007); Smith and Johnson (2008)
(3) Programs aimed at girls onlyAlhadi (2005);
Lincoln and Baker (2006)
b. Programs teaching coping with being bulliedno data
2. Counselor based interventions Grayson (2008) more needed here
B. Community based programs
1. Mental health center programsFinocchio (2007); Jackson, Ferrari,
& Ruiz (2010)
2. Neighborhood groupsMughaddam (2007); O’Conner (2003)
C. Law enforcement based programs
no resources yet
D. Media programs
1. Children’s television programmingPresident’s Council on Violence in
Children’s Programming (2009)
2. Children’s magazinesCalling All Girls; Jack and Jill magazines
3. CD and DVDs more research needed here
III. Summary and conclusions
A. Summary of the research: what works and where
B. Directions for future programs and research
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